a combination of three distinct constituent capabilities:
1.) Positioning, the ability to accurately and precisely determine one’s location and orientation two-dimensionally (or three-dimensionally when required) referenced to a standard geodetic system (e.g., World Geodetic System 1984).
2.) Navigation, the ability to determine the current and desired position (relative or absolute) and apply corrections to course, orientation, and speed to attain a desired position anywhere around the world, from subsurface to surface and from surface to space.
3.) Timing, the ability to acquire and maintain accurate and precise time from a standard (e.g., Coordinated Universal Time), anywhere in the world and within user-defined timeliness parameters (39).
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